Information that 80-90% of people are infected with worms, and many people come up with the idea of drinking anthelmintic drugs for preventive purposes.
The human body parasitizes different types of worms, and special tests have been developed to identify them.Each diagnostic procedure has a percentage of reliability and differs from behavioral characteristics.
Blood test
The vital activity of parasites in the body causes unclear etiology.It may be rash, bloating, heartburn, nausea, weakness, anemia, joint pain.Special tests of parasites should be performed to clarify the diagnosis.
How to check the parasites of the human body
Classification of parasites in their appearance:
For representatives of some professions (catering businesses, children's institution staff), the eggs of worms are required to design health books.Children give the same analysis when admission to kindergartens and kindergartens or a sport.
- The classic study of worms living in the stomach tract is stool analysis and scratch mucosa from the rectum.
- But there are many options for parasites more effective blood tests, planned and method.
The reasons for the analysis of parasites
If you are infected with individual parasites, you will not feel any symptoms.But as time goes on, the number of helmits increases and the infection begins.Parasites should be tested if there are such symptoms:
- Abdominal pain of different localization, which may occur spontaneously or when palpation;
- itching in the anus that appears at night;
- joint and muscle pain;
- reduced appetite and nausea;
- Increased appetite with abundant saliva wall;
- bowel dysbiosis;
- constipation or diarrhea;
- Changes in the color of the stool;
- increased fatigue;
- dizziness;
- pale skin;
- insomnia or sleep disorders;
- irritability;
- dermatitis;
- urine incontinence;
- In women, abundant discharge from the vagina, a breach of the menstrual cycle.
The nature of the symptoms depends on the type of parasites.Itching and combustion in the anal region cause Pinworms.Askarids cramps in severe allergic reactions and abdominal pain.Lambia, echinococus and bipondayura affect the liver.These are often the cause of the obstruction of bile and cholestasis (stagnation of the bile), the inflammation of the gallbladder.The drop of fatty stools is one of the main signs of the liver and pancreas.The symptom of the parasitic effect on the liver and gall bladder is the right hypochondrium pain.
If many of the listed symptoms appear, you should go to the hospital to identify the body's parasites in time.Regular preventive examinations should be performed for parasites for children, animals or people with animals.If raw, jerking, slightly salted meat, fat or fish are consumed regularly for food, the risk of infection is very high.In this case, it should be checked regularly to identify the parasites.
What tests exist for parasites
There are various reasons that require the need to analyze helmin.
On this parameter we distinguish 3 types of test:
- Preventive - required for timely detection of helminthiasis, even in the absence of distinctive symptoms.These are carried out by a person's personal initiative or medical examination.We recommend that you carry out such analysis every year, especially for children.
- Obstacles - require minimizing the risk of the spread of helminthiasis among the population.This is a mandatory analysis that children transfer to kindergarten or school, food workers, services, medical staff to receive a medical book.The barrier analysis is performed once a year.
- As the doctor prescribes, this type of analysis of helmints is prescribed by a physician in the presence of symptoms characteristic of helminthiasis: nausea, stomach disorders, itching in the anus, weight loss, abdominal pain, increased fatigue, dizziness.With a single negative result, the analysis must be done again to make sure its reliability.
Depending on the situation and the symptoms, one or more types of tests are prescribed.Let's look at the individual properties in detail.
To think with a sharp weight loss about the need to analyze parasites
Calais analysis for worm eggs
Analysis of parasites stool is called a so-called coprogram method, which undergoes a microscope to study the stool mass to identify the fragments of parasitic eggs, larvae or sexually mature worms.This analysis allows you to identify a variety of worms, but is particularly effective for worms parasitized in the intestine.Suitable for diagnosis of enterobiosis, ascariasis, ankilostomosis, trichokephalosis and other types of infections.
You need to create a special sterile container to perform the analysis.It is purchased in a clinic, laboratories or pharmacy.
Then everything is simple:
- 1/3 must be completed with stool stools.This should be done before 11.00.Make sure that, for example, a drop of third party contamination, such as blood, other secretions, does not fall into the vessel as this will negatively display the reliability of the result.
- The filled capacity cover must be closed tightly.Signed and then wrapped in a disposable package.
- It is best to move the material 30-45 minutes after collection.It is allowed to store in the refrigerator, but not exceeding 8 hours.After this period, the material is not suitable for analysis.
You can find out the results on the day after analysis.But some laboratories happen for up to 6 days.
The effectiveness of this method is 30-35%as the helmink does not egg every night.
Scrape (smear)
Scraping is the most common analysis of enterobiosis, which allows the presence of pinworms in the intestine and laid a large number of eggs around the anus and in the perineum area.
Because children are particularly suffered from enterobiosis, the kindergarten, the child visiting the school, should be done regularly twice a year.Adults also need to analyze when the first signs of parasites appear: itching in the anus, poor sleep, deteriorating appetite, weight loss, irritability.
Analytical procedure:
- The scraping is taken by a special spatula that is available in the pharmacy or with a common cotton wool, formerly moistened in saline or warm water.The smear is removed from the area around the anus and the perineum.Another method is to fix a sticky tape (tape) around the anus.Gently removed, glued to the surface of the clean and dry glass.
- The procedure should be done in the morning, immediately after awakening.You can't go to the toilet before that.You can make anointing at a clinic or at home.
- A stick or spatula with a research biomass on the surface is packed in a sterile dry container.The packaging must be closed.
- The material should be transferred to the laboratory on the day of the smear, which is better immediately.If necessary, it can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 5 hours.
You can find out the results the next day.
If the results of the first analysis were negative, but the symptoms of enterobiosis remain, the procedure should be followed the next day or every other day.Maximum efficiency guarantees the 3-4 negative results of the row analyzes.
Blood test
Blood test shows the presence of parasites because they are affected by their lives as a result of their lives, mucous membranes, and release a large number of toxin.This causes changes in the composition of the blood.When the helmin appears, the immune system begins to produce antibodies (immunoglobulin).Can be identified as a result of the test.
Most importantly, we do a competent decoding of the results, which can only be done by an experienced specialist.
Blood tests of parasites determine all their varieties - ascaride, lamblia, flat worms, two water, Trichinella, Trematodes.Most people are parasitized in the internal organs: liver, lungs, wires and not in the intestine, so they will not determine these types of parasites using other tests.
Analysis Delivery Procedure:
- Venous blood is required to perform the analysis.It is sufficient to take 3-5 ml of material from the elbow.The procedure is done with an empty stomach, preferably in the morning.
- Professionals examine the selected blood in the laboratory for specific antibodies that allow the determination of the stages of helminthiasis.
- Deciphering the results of the analysis.
Before donating blood, the patient should go through the preparation phase.It begins one week before the diagnosis and includes the complete refusal of the use of antibiotics and other drugs, the composition of which can negatively affect the accuracy of the result.One day before the analysis, it is worth excluding fatty products, sweets, carbonated drinks and always alcohol from the diet.
The Helmintus invasion is also determined by a general blood test.This is quite informative, allows you to identify different types of worms, but is most effective relative to Pinworms and Ascaris.
When deciphering the general analysis, the following indicators are taken into account:
- hemoglobin - decreases due to worms;
- Leukocytes - if they are infected with helmints, their concentration will increase.
For analysis, blood is taken from a vein.Before the procedure, it is important not to eat 8, but better than 12 hours.It is allowed if you only drink water.5-7 days before manipulation, you should leave the antibiotics.
Analysis of Elisa, antibodies and immunoglobulina
This analysis is based on the level of protective reaction of the body's immune response to the invasion of parasites.
- Use the results of ELISA to determine the presence of helmin in the body and their type.The accuracy of the study is much higher than the stool analysis.
- The method is based on calculating antibodies in the body to determine the relationship with one or another type of parasites, foreign antigens (immune response) and the body enzyme reaction.
- Antigens antibodies of antigens indicate an infection.
- According to various experts, ELISA blood tests are still between 60% and 90% in low invasion.
- The advantage of the method, with high accuracy, is that immune functional analysis can be observed with the dynamics of the disease over time.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR analysis)
The PCR method is one of the most modern and accurate to diagnose blood in the presence of parasites in the body.It consists of detecting DNA and RNA traces of parasitic lifestyles.
- The essence of the polymerase reaction is blood treatment in such a way that dNA, the RNA of foreign organisms, to concentration that allows them to determine.
Serological blood test
At the same time, the analysis is used as a source of information in the blood serum.
- Immunogenic antibodies of parasites are tested.
- The analysis allows you to identify a number of parasitic forms, but does not allow you to determine the invasion phase.
- Like the IFA method, serological analysis is indirect for diagnosis.
- If the OPD values are high, then it is advisable to analyze stool.
How and where to do the testing of parasites
Parasites should be tested when symptoms of helminth invasion appear: digestive problems, astenia, weight loss, dermatological diseases.Diagnosis of helmintek also requires situations where a person has chronic illness for many years, but treatment does not give the expected result.In many cases, it turns out that the disease was not caused by physiological problems, but as a result of parasitizing worms.
Before handing over the procedure, you should get direction from a gastroenterologist, an infectious disease expert, a proctologist, therapist, surgeon, dermatologist and pediatrician.In this direction, a person goes to the laboratory.After studying biological materials, you get a result that indicates that the helmints are detected in the body.
If the results of the analysis have confirmed the presence of worms, it is important to consult a qualified doctor immediately.It can be an infectious disease -a specialist or therapist.When halminthiasis is diagnosed with a child, the pediatrician helps.
You need to perform tests to identify parasites at least once a year.Through diagnostics, it is important to choose a good laboratory whose experts guarantee the maximum accuracy of the results.